Wiki source code of Project-8

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 2: == Project-8: Model-Authoritative versus Model-Democratic — different models for knowledge creation, accumulation, and sharing ==
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 6: === (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-color: initial; display: inline; position: static; " %)Objectives:(%%) ===
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 9: 1. Study two models of knowledge creation and sharing in online media: Model-Authoritative and Model-Democratic
10: 1. Define Model-Authoritative and Model-Democratic in your own words, based and supported by your own analysis of examples for each model
11: 1. Analyze the content as well as the user activity for representative examples; where do the websites differ, where are they similar
12: 1. Explore the changing roles of curators in Model-Democratic Environments vs. in Model-Authoritative Environments
13: 1. Describe and evaluate existing output filters
14: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2em; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; list-style-position: outside !important; " %)
15: 11. (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)**Think off, describe, and implement prototypes of new output filters**
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18: === (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-color: initial; display: inline; position: static; " %)A Description of the Two Models:(%%) ===
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21: ==== (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 19px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-color: initial; display: inline; position: static; " %)Model-Authoritative(%%) ====
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24: characterized by a small number of experts acting as contributors and a large number of passive consumers. In such cultures, strong input filters exist and creates barriers based on the following:
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27: * large organizations and high investments for production are required (e.g., film studios such as those in Hollywood, newspaper production facilities);
28: * substantial knowledge is necessary for contributions (e.g., the need to learn highly specialized high-functionality tools); and
29: * extensive quality control mechanisms exist (e.g., strict review criteria leading to low acceptance rates for conference papers and journal articles).
30: * quality and trustworthiness of the accumulated information is high because the strong input filters will reject unreliable and untrustworthy information
31: * Based on the smaller size of the resulting information repositories, relatively weak output filters are required.
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33: (% align="CENTER" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0.18in; " %)
34: [[image:HCCF2010.Student Projects@output_html_1bf74702.png||border="0" height="150" name="graphics7" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " width="325"]]
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36: (% align="CENTER" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
37: [[image:HCCF2010.Student Projects@output_html_46359938.png||border="0" height="46" name="graphics8" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " width="202"]]
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39: (% align="CENTER" lang="en-GB" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.08in; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
40: {{id name="_Ref484579449"}}{{/id}} (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)**Figure 1: Model-Authoritative**
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43: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)**Model-Democratic**
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45: (% class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
46: characterized by weak input filters allowing users not only to access information but some passive users become prosumers.
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48: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 2em; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; list-style-type: circle; list-style-position: outside !important; " %)
49: * The weak input filters of Model-Democratic result in much larger information repositories, with the World Wide Web being the prime example.
50: * major limitation: the potential reduction in trust and reliability of the content of the information repositories based on the weak input filters.
51: * large information repositories are a mixed blessing because human attention and awareness are limiting factors in attending to information(% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)?(%%)exploit existing and develop new output filters (e.g., powerful search mechanisms to find relevant information, collaborative filtering, recommender and tagging systems, and user and task models to personalize information
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53: (% align="CENTER" class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
54: [[image:HCCF2010.Student Projects@output_html_1cfcb5a8.png||border="0" height="137" name="graphics9" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " width="310"]]
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56: (% align="CENTER" lang="en-GB" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.08in; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
57: {{id name="_Ref484579475"}}{{/id}} (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)**Figure 2: Model-Democratic**
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59: (% class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.46em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); color: rgb(0, 90, 131); display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; " %)
60: === (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-color: initial; display: inline; position: static; " %)Starting Points(%%) ===
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62: (% class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
63: An example of Model-A and Model-D in the energy domain:
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65: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 2em; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; list-style-position: outside !important; " %)
66: 1. (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); " %)VIBE (a portal) [[http:~~/~~/vibe.nrel.gov/>>http://vibe.nrel.gov/||class="western" style="color: rgb(71, 145, 188); font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline"]]
67: 1. (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); " %)OpenEI (a wiki): [[http:~~/~~/en.openei.org/wiki/Main_Page>>http://en.openei.org/wiki/Main_Page||class="western" style="color: rgb(71, 145, 188); font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline"]]
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69: (% class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
70: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); " %)Another example might be online news portal
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72: (% start="3" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 2em; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; list-style-position: outside !important; " %)
73: 1. (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); " %)Model-D: User Contributed News Portals (e.g., Digg, reddit)
74: 1. Model-A: Centralized News Portals (e.g. yahoo.com, aol.com)
75: 1. Model-X: Automated News Portals (e.g. news.google.com)
76: 
77: (% class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.33em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); color: rgb(0, 90, 131); display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; " %)
78: ==== (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 19px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-color: initial; display: inline; position: static; " %)relevant literature:(%%) ====
79: 
80: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 2em; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; list-style-type: circle; list-style-position: outside !important; " %)
81: * Fischer, G. (2009) "Democratizing Design: New Challenges and Opportunities for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning." In Proceedings (Vol 1) of CSCL 2009: 8th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, University of the Aegean, Rhodes, Greece, pp. 282-286.
82: * chapter on “Filter and Publish” versus “Publish and Filter” in Shirky, C. (2008) Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing without Organization, Penguin Books~,~, New York, NY.
83: * chapter on “RO (Read Only)” and “RX (Read and Write)” environments in Lessig, L. (2008) Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy, Penguin Press, New York.
84: 
85: (% class="western" style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)
86: (% style="border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.4em; " %)**Sponsor: **(%%)Holger Dick
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